§ 237

Law § 237 of Hammurabi's Code

Translation
If a man has hired a boatman or a boat and has stowed it with grain, wool, oil, dates or some other cargo, but that boatman has been careless and has sunk the boat and completely lost what was in it, the boatman shall make repayment for the boat that he sank and for whatever was in it that he lost.
Law Code
Law Code of Hammurabi
Law Group
Compensation and Fees

Cuneiform

Law § 237 - Cuneiform - Law Code of Hammurabi

Source: Bergmann (1953, p. 29, col. R XX, lns. 38–55)

Transliteration

šum-ma a-wi-lum malaḫam u elippam i-gur-ma šeʾam šipâtam šamnam suluppam u mi-im-ma šum-šu ša ṣi-nim i-ṣi-en-ši malaḫum šu-u i-gi-ma elippam ut-te-ib-bi u ša li-ib-bi-ša uḫ-ta-al-li-iḳ malaḫum elippam ša u-te-ib-bu-u u mi-im-ma ša i-na li-ib-bi-ša u-ḫal-li-ḳu i-ri-a-ab

Source: Abulhab (2017, p. 96)

Normalization

šumma awīlum malāḫam u eleppam īgurma šeʾam šipātim šamnam suluppī u mimma šumšu ša ṣênim iṣēnši malāḫum šû īgīma eleppam uṭṭebbi u ša libbiša uḫtalliq, malāḫum eleppam ša uṭebbû u mimma ša ina libbiša uḫalliqu iriab.

Source: Richardson (2004, p. 108)

Translation

If a man has hired a boatman or a boat and has stowed it with grain, wool, oil, dates or some other cargo, but that boatman has been careless and has sunk the boat and completely lost what was in it, the boatman shall make repayment for the boat that he sank and for whatever was in it that he lost.

Source: Richardson (2004, p. 109)

GrammarSnifferSM

Akkadian Words in Law § 237

šumma (conditional Particle) "if; whether"

awīlum (Noun form) Masculine Singular Nominative of awīlu "man"

libbiša (Noun form) Masculine Singular of libbu "heart"

Citation

Dedović, B. "§ 237 - eHammurabi." OMNIKA Foundation, 6 Nov. 2023, ehlaw.org/law/237. [Accessed 5 May. 2024]

MLA 9

Dedović, B. (2023, November 6). § 237 - eHammurabi. OMNIKA Foundation. https://ehlaw.org/law/237

APA 7

Dedović, Boban. "§ 237 - eHammurabi." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation. Created November 6, 2023. Modified April 11, 2024. Accessed May 5, 2024. https://ehlaw.org/law/237.

CMS 16

Bibliography

Abulhab, Saad D. The Law Code of Hammurabi: Transliterated and Literally Translated from its Early Classical Arabic Language. New York, NY: Blautopf, 2017.

ACH

Bergmann, Eugen. Codex Ḫammurabi: Textus Primigenius. Rome, Italy: Pontificium Institutum Biblicum, 1953.

CHTP

Huehnergard, John. A Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2011.

HAG3

Huehnergard, John. Key to a Grammar of Akkadian (Third Edition). Winona Lake, IN: Eisenbrauns, 2013.

HKEY3

OMNIKA Foundation Contributors. "OMNIKA: Digital Mythology Library & Search Engine." Las Vegas, NV: OMNIKA Foundation, accessed November 14, 2023. https://omnika.org. [Visit]

–

Richardson, Mervyn E.J. Hammurabi's Laws: Text, Translation and Glossary. New York, NY: T & T Clark International, 2004.

RHL

Sound of Text Contributors. "Sound of Text: AI Text-to-Speech." Accessed November 14, 2023. https://soundoftext.app. [Visit]

SoT

eHammurabi Glossary

The § symbol commonly denotes "a shorthand notation for the word 'section'."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Cuneiform commonly means "an ancient writing system used by various cultures around Mesopotamia."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Normalization commonly means "the application of grammatical rules unto transliterated sound values."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Translation commonly means "the conversion of linguistic contents and their meanings from one language into another."

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eHammurabi Glossary

The term Transliteration commonly means "the conversion of sound values from one writing system into another."

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